EN
Bedsores, also known as pressure ulcers or pressure ulcers, are one of the most common complications of long-term bedridden patients. Because the body is in the same position for a long time, local tissue pressure, poor blood circulation, resulting in skin and subcutaneous tissue damage, and then the formation of ulcers. Bedsores not only bring great pain to the patient, but also may cause infection and aggravate the condition. Therefore, for patients who are bedridden for a long time, the prevention and treatment of bedsores is crucial.
1. Measures to prevent bedsores
Turn over regularly: patients in bed for a long time need to turn over regularly to avoid prolonged pressure on the same part. It is recommended to turn every 2 hours, and can even be shortened to 30 minutes if necessary. When turning over, the patient should be moved gently and avoid dragging, pulling, pulling and other actions to reduce friction and damage to the skin.
The use of special mattresses: for long-term bed patients equipped with air mattresses, foam mattresses and other special mattresses, can effectively disperse pressure, reduce skin pressure. These mattresses usually have good air permeability and moisture absorption, which helps to keep the skin dry and reduce bacterial growth.
Keep skin clean and dry: Clean skin regularly, especially in areas under pressure, such as buttocks, waist, back, etc. Keep your skin dry to avoid bacteria in moist environments. At the same time, frequently change sheets, covers and other bedding, keep the bed clean.
Reasonable diet and nutritional support: Provide patients with a high-protein, high-calorie, high-fiber diet to enhance their resistance and ability to prevent pressure sores. For patients with malnutrition, nutritional support can be provided through oral nutritional supplements or intravenous nutritional solutions.
Appropriate exercise: If the condition permits, the patient is encouraged to carry out appropriate physical activities, such as flexion and extension of joints, leg lifting, etc., to promote blood circulation and prevent bedsores.
2. The treatment of bedsore
Wound care: For bedsores that have developed, thorough wound cleaning and disinfection should be performed. According to the condition of the wound, choose the appropriate dressing for dressing to absorb exudates and purulent secretions and control infection.
Antibiotic treatment: If the bedsore appears signs of infection, such as redness, increased pain, increased exudation, etc., antibiotics should be used in time for treatment. Antibiotics suppress or kill the bacteria and prevent the infection from getting worse.
Pressure relief: Continue to take measures such as regular rolling over and the use of special mattresses to reduce the pressure on the pressure area and promote the healing of bedsores.
Nutritional support: Strengthen the patient's nutritional support, providing enough protein, vitamins and other nutrients to promote tissue repair.
3.Precautions
Avoid self-squeezing or destroying the ulcerating surface: When dealing with bedsores, avoid self-squeezing or destroying the ulcerating surface to avoid causing secondary infection.
Regular monitoring of the condition: Family members and medical staff should regularly monitor the patient's condition, including the size, depth and infection of the bedsore, in order to adjust the treatment plan in time.
Psychological support: Patients who stay in bed for a long time may have anxiety, depression and other emotions due to complications such as bedsores. Family members and medical staff should give patients full psychological support and encourage them to actively cooperate with treatment.
In conclusion, the prevention and treatment of bedsores in long-term bedridden patients requires a combination of measures, including regular turning over, the use of special mattresses, keeping the skin clean and dry, reasonable diet and nutritional support, and appropriate exercise. For bedsores that have developed, thorough wound care, antibiotic treatment, and pressure relief should be performed. At the same time, family members and medical staff should pay close attention to the changes in the patient's condition and provide comprehensive physical and mental support.